Crushing Analysis and Optimization of Adjacent Variable Thickness Hexagonal Tubes

In this study, we proposed a new adjacent variable thickness hexagonal tube (AVTHT) and performed crushing analysis crashworthiness optimization under multiple loadings. First, the finite element models were constructed validated by experiments with four configurations of AVTHTs. Then, numerical simulations axial loading oblique loadings indicated that AVTHTs various angles (0°, 10°, 20°, 30°) three patterns (α, β, θ) exhibited different deformation modes, force-displacement characteristics, indices. This suggested could change determine plate configuration to make exhibit expected performance Therefore, multi-objective for minimizing maximum force (Fmaxw) maximizing specific energy absorption (SEAw) changing was conducted. The results determined design domains certain ranges should be avoided, such as 1.55≤t1≤1.6 1.85≤t1≤1.95, which helpful getting achieve excellent in railway vehicles. pareto results, increasing t1 would not always increase Fmaxw SEAw. For example, when 1.75≤t1≤1.8, lead decline